解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::To further its pathogenesis, S. Typhimurium delivers effector proteins into host cells, including the novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (NEL) effector SspH2. Using model systems in a cross-kingdom approach we gained further insight into the molecular function of this effector. Here, we show that SspH2 modulates innate immunit...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003518
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme metabolism is central to malaria parasite biology. The parasite acquires heme from host hemoglobin in the intraerythrocytic stages and stores it as hemozoin to prevent free heme toxicity. The parasite can also synthesize heme de novo, and all the enzymes in the pathway are characterized. To study the role of the ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003522
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear hormone receptors respond to small molecules such as retinoids or steroids and regulate development. Signaling in the conserved p38/PMK-1 MAP kinase pathway regulates innate immunity. In this study, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans nuclear receptor DAF-12 negatively regulates the defense against pathoge...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003545
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plants possess active defense systems and can protect themselves from pathogenic invasion by secretion of a variety of small antimicrobial or antifungal proteins such as thionins. The antibacterial and antifungal properties of thionins are derived from their ability to induce open pore formation on cell membranes of p...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003581
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrovascular dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. In experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA, cerebrovascular dysfunction characterized by vascular constriction, occlusion and damage results in impaired perfusion and reduced cerebral blood flow and oxy...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003444
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To cause infections microbes need to evade host defense systems, one of these being the evolutionarily old and important arm of innate immunity, the alternative pathway of complement. It can attack all kinds of targets and is tightly controlled in plasma and on host cells by plasma complement regulator factor H (FH). ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003308
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, has cholesterol and cholesterol-glycolipids that are essential for bacterial fitness, are antigenic, and could be important in mediating interactions with cells of the eukaryotic host. We show that the spirochetes can acquire cholesterol from plasma membranes of epithel...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003109
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbit hemorrhagic disease, first described in China in 1984, causes hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver. Its etiological agent, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), belongs to the Lagovirus genus in the family Caliciviridae. The detailed molecular structure of any lagovirus capsid has yet to be determined. Here, we...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003132
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infections of central nervous system (CNS) often trigger inflammatory responses that give rise to a wide range of pathological outcomes. The CNS is equipped with an elaborate network of innate immune sentinels (e.g. microglia, macrophages, dendritic cells) that routinely serve as first responders to these infect...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003395
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The factors determining the functional avidity and its relationship with the broad heterogeneity of antiviral T cell responses remain partially understood. We investigated HIV-specific CD8 T cell responses in 85 patients with primary HIV infection (PHI) or chronic (progressive and non-progressive) infection. The funct...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003423
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distinct phylogenetic lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) cause disease in patients of particular genetic ancestry, and elicit different patterns of cytokine and chemokine secretion when cultured with human macrophages in vitro. Circulating and antigen-stimulated concentrations of these inflammatory mediators...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003468
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8) is required for development, maturation and expression of anti-microbial defenses of myeloid cells. BXH2 mice harbor a severely hypomorphic allele at Irf8 (Irf8(R294C)) that causes susceptibility to infection with intracellular pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We re...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003491
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae may herald an era of untreatable gonorrhea. Vaccines against this infection are urgently needed. The 2C7 epitope is a conserved oligosaccharide (OS) structure, a part of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) on N gonorrhoeae. The epitope is expressed by 94% o...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003559
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 2 (NS2) is a hydrophobic, transmembrane protein that is required not only for NS2-NS3 cleavage, but also for infectious virus production. To identify cellular factors that interact with NS2 and are important for HCV propagation, we screened a human liver cDNA library by sp...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003589
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the role of myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) in the outcome of SIV infection by comparing and contrasting their frequency, mobilization, phenotype, cytokine production and apoptosis in pathogenic (pigtailed macaques, PTMs), nonpathogenic (African green monkeys, AGMs) and controlled (rhesus macaques, RMs) SIV...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003600
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tm-2² is a coiled coil-nucleotide binding-leucine rich repeat resistance protein that confers durable extreme resistance against Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) by recognizing the viral movement protein (MP). Here we report that the Nicotiana benthamiana J-domain MIP1 proteins (NbMIP1s) assoc...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003659
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deltaretroviruses such as human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) induce a persistent infection that remains generally asymptomatic but can also lead to leukemia or lymphoma. These viruses replicate by infecting new lymphocytes (i.e. the infectious cycle) or via clonal expansion of t...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003687
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated host-pathogen response, leading to high cytokine levels, excessive coagulation and failure to eradicate invasive bacteria. Novel therapeutic strategies that address crucial pathogenetic steps during infection are urgently needed. Here, we describe novel bioactive roles and the...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003803
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Septic shock caused by Neisseria meningitidis is typically rapidly evolving and often fatal despite antibiotic therapy. Further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disease is necessary to reduce fatality rates. Postmortem samples from the characteristic purpuric rashes of the infection show bacterial aggreg...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003139
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group of bacteria. Vaccination of cattle might offer a long-term solution for controlling the disease and priority has been given to the development of a cattle vaccine against bTB...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003077
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unique purine-rich mRNA sequences embedded in the coding sequences of a distinct group of gammaherpesvirus maintenance proteins underlie the ability of the latently infected cell to minimize immune recognition. The Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, EBNA1, a well characterized lymphocryptovirus maintenance protein ha...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003112
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surface recognition and penetration are critical steps in the infection cycle of many plant pathogenic fungi. In Magnaporthe oryzae, cAMP signaling is involved in surface recognition and pathogenesis. Deletion of the MAC1 adenylate cyclase gene affected appressorium formation and plant infection. In this study, we use...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002911
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA viruses typically occur in genetically diverse populations due to their error-prone genome replication. Genetic diversity is thought to be important in allowing RNA viruses to explore sequence space, facilitating adaptation to changing environments and hosts. Some arboviruses that infect both a mosquito vector and...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002897
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) in somatic hypermutation and polyclonal antibody affinity maturation has not been shown for polyclonal responses in humans. We investigated whether AID induction in human B cells following H1N1pdm09 vaccination correlated with in-vivo antibody affinity maturation...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002920
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 infection of macrophages plays a key role in viral pathogenesis and progression to AIDS. Polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C); a synthetic analog of dsRNA) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLR) TLR3 and TLR4, respectively, are known to decrease HIV-1 infection in ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002937
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::For Hepatitis C virus (HCV), initiation of translation is cap-independently mediated by its internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Unlike other IRES-containing viruses that shut off host cap-dependent translation, translation of HCV coexists with that of the host. How HCV IRES-mediated translation is regulated in the in...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002766
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most significant pathogens affecting global food security. To cause rice blast disease the fungus elaborates a specialised infection structure called an appressorium. Here, we report genome wide transcriptional profile analysis of appressorium development using ne...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002514
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, invades and replicates within macrophages and protozoan cells inside a vacuole. The type IVB Icm/Dot secretion system is necessary for the translocation of effector proteins that modulate vesicle trafficking pathways in the host cell, thus avoiding ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002546
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression of DNA viruses requires nuclear import of the viral genome. Human Adenoviruses (Ads), like most DNA viruses, encode factors within early transcription units promoting their own gene expression and counteracting cellular antiviral defense mechanisms. The cellular transcriptional repressor Daxx prevents ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002549
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a Delta-proteobacterium that oscillates between free-living growth and predation on Gram-negative bacteria including important pathogens of man, animals and plants. After entering the prey periplasm, killing the prey and replicating inside the prey bdelloplast, several motile B. bacteriov...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002493
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious prions propagate from peripheral entry sites into the central nervous system (CNS), where they cause progressive neurodegeneration that ultimately leads to death. Yet the pathogenesis of prion disease can vary dramatically depending on the strain, or conformational variant of the aberrantly folded and aggre...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002522
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of pathogens that are required to infect a host, termed infective dose, varies dramatically across pathogen species. It has recently been predicted that infective dose will depend upon the mode of action of the molecules that pathogens use to facilitate their infection. Specifically, pathogens which use loc...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002512
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed by dendritic cells recognize nucleic acids derived from pathogens and play an important role in the immune responses against the influenza virus (IAV), a single-stranded RNA sensed by different receptors including TLR7. However, the importance of TLR7 processing in th...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002841
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes has an established predilection for disseminated infection during pregnancy that often results in spontaneous abortion or stillbirth, the specific host-pathogen interaction that dictates these disastrous complications remain incompletely defined. Herein, we d...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002873
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marburg virus (family Filoviridae) causes sporadic outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Bats have been implicated as likely natural reservoir hosts based most recently on an investigation of cases among miners infected in 2007 at the Kitaka mine, Uganda, which contained a large population of ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002877
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many viruses subvert the host cell's ability to mount and complete various DNA damage responses (DDRs) after infection. HCMV infection of permissive fibroblasts activates host DDRs at the time of viral deposition and during replication, but the DDRs remain uncompleted without arrest or apoptosis. We believe this was i...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003038
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Henipavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae contains two viruses, Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) for which pteropid bats act as the main natural reservoir. Each virus also causes serious and commonly lethal infection of people as well as various species of domestic animals, however little is known ab...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002836
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are prevalent in many bacterial genomes and have been implicated in biofilm and persister cell formation, but the contribution of individual chromosomally encoded TA systems during bacterial pathogenesis is not well understood. Of the known TA systems encoded by Escherichia coli, only a su...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002954
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial biofilm is considered as a particular lifestyle helping cells to survive hostile environments triggered by a variety of signals sensed and integrated through adequate regulatory pathways. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium causing severe infections in humans, forms biofilms and is a fantastic ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003052
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fatal human case of Duvenhage virus (DUVV) infection in a Dutch traveller who had returned from Kenya was reported in 2007. She exhibited classical symptoms of rabies encephalitis with distinct pathological findings. In the present study we describe the isolation and characterization of DUVV in vitro and its passage...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002682
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00